Thermodynamics Process

When the system undergoes change from one thermodynamic state to the final state due to changes in properties like temperature, pressure, volume, etc, the system is said to have undergone the thermodynamic process. The various types of thermodynamic processes are the isothermal process, adiabatic process, isochoric process, isobaric process, and reversible process. These have been described below:

I) Isothermal Process
Any physical or chemical process which is carried out at constant temperature is called the isothermal process.

II) Adiabatic Process
Any physical or chemical process in which no heat can flow into or out of the system is called the adiabatic process. During such process change in heat i.e. ∆ = 0.

III) Isobaric Process
Any physical or chemical process which is carried out at constant pressure is called the isobaric process. During such a process, change in pressure i.e. ∆p = 0.

IV) Isochoric Process
Any physical or chemical process which is carried out at a volume constant is called the isochoric process. During this process change in volume i.e. ∆v = 0.

IV) Cyclic Process
The process in which a system returns to its original state after completing a series of reactions is called the cyclic process. During this process change in internal energy i.e. q = 0.

V) Reversible and Irreversible Process
Reversible
The process is carried out infinitesimally (slowly) so that all the steps occurring in the direct process can be exactly reversed. And the system remains in a state of equilibrium with the surrounding of every step of the process is called the reversible process.

Irreversible Process
The process is not carried out infinitesimally but it is brought rapidly so that all the successive steps of the direct process can’t be exactly reversed and any change in external condition violets the state of equilibrium of the system is called irreversible process.