Internal and External Migration in Nepal

In this chapter, we discuss about the internal and external migration in the context of Nepal. Reference Notes of Social Studies Grade 8. 

Internal Migration

Simply, internal migration refers to the movement of people withina country. So, internal migration can be defined as the human migration within one geopolitical entity, usually a nation.

The reasons for internal migration are often educational or economic. A general trend of migration from rural to urban areas has also produced a form of internal migration, leading to rapid urbanization in many countries like Nepal. People of Nepal are migrating from mountains and hills to Terai and urban areas. According to the statistics of 2068, the Terai region of Nepal, covers more than 50% of the total population of Nepal. The main reason for this is the migration of people from mountains and hills to Terai.

Main reasons for the increment in the population of Terai region are the attractions and facilities of trade, agriculture, employment etc.

Also, many people migrate to Kathmandu from other places for better services of education, health, job, etc.

External or International Migration

Simply, the movement of people from one country to another is called international migration. So, external migration refers to change of residence over national boundaries. External migration takes place for educational or economic reasons as well, but often, it is politically motivated. An international migrant is someone who moves to a different country.

Main reasons of external migration in Nepal is because of the lack of stable and relaible job opportunities, poor monetary value, instable political scenario, lack of proper rules and judiciary systems, etc.

Number of people migrated out in a year:

Source: Central Bureau of Statistics, 2003