Published by: Nuru
Published date: 24 Jan 2022
Nation and Nationality and Some National Personalities describes the essence of nationality and great works done done by national personalities.
The concept of nation and nationality are extremely difficult to define. A nation means a group of people who share a common territory and government. The word nation came to the English from the Old French word ‘nacion’, which is derived from the latin word ‘natio’ meaning “birth”.
The nation is a social concept. It is an organized community of people composed of one or more languages, religions, cultures, traditions and history. A nation, by comparison, is more impersonal, abstract, and overtly political than an ethnic group.
There are different things which constitute a nation, among them some are listed below:
a. Government: It is the system by which the state or community is controlled.
b. Population:All the people who live in the certain country.
c. Sovereignty: Sovereignty is the authority by which a country governs itself.
d. Territory:A territory is a term for types of administrative division.
The concept of nation and nationality influences government policies. Nationality is a country, you come from. Nationality is an abstract concept. It is all about the way the people in certain territory bind themselves through some common meaning.
Nationality is the legal relationship between a person and a state. The feeling of brotherhood, welfare, cooperation, mutual understanding and unity they share constitute a nation. We all share some common history and traditions as a citizen of Nepal. Nationality differs technically and legally from citizenship, which is a different legal relationship between a person and a country. The feeling of being different but living under the same umbrella gives us the feeling of nationality.
So, a nation is like different colours of flowers in a garden. We love our nation and feel proud of being Nepali. The love for our nation forms nationality. The feeling of pride towards one’s ancestry, history, heritage, which each and every Nepali harbour for being a citizen of Nepal, construct our nationality.
We have not been under any foreign invasion yet. Nepal is the country of peace. There had been brave warriors who sacrificed their lives for our nation. They put their life at stalk than remain defeated, and dominated. Such is the history of our nation which has constructed our nationality and have made us really proud of our ancestors.
Nepal is a country, where the famous and brave legends and personalities were born. They stood before us as our pride, their words as our inspiration and their deeds as our possession. They have sacrificed their lives for the nation. It had given birth to sons and daughters who helped in spreading the name of Nepal all over the world.
Amar Singh Thapa was a great and brave hero of Nepal. He was the son of Bagh Bhim Thapa. He got the title of Bada Kaji after the death of his father in the battle of Palanchowk. He is also known as the “Living Lion of Nepal”. He was the Bada Kaji General of the Nepalese forces of the western front in the Anglo-Nepalese war.
Bada Kaji Amar Singh Thapa played an important role at the time of the victory of Baise, Chaubise states and expanded the western boundary up to Satlaj. Showing heroic discharge of courage and bravery, he protected places like Chanba, Almora, Kangra, Saharanpur, Dehradun against General David Ochterlony of British East India Company. He fought against many small kingdoms to make a big Nepal and unite the country. He died at Gosaikunda of Rasuwa district.
Bhimsen Thapa (1755 – 1839) was the mukhtiyar of Nepal from 1806 to 1837. He was the son of Sanu Sardar Amar Singh Thapa and mother Satyarupa Maya. Bhimsen rose to power by initially serving as a bodyguard and personal secretary of King Rana Bahadur Shah.
During Bhimsen's prime ministership, the Gurkha empire had reached its greatest expanse from Sutlej river in the west to the Teesta river in the east.
Work done by Bhimsen Thapa are:
During his Premiership, he bought several reforms in the administration, architecture, society and the army. His famous architectural designs include Dharahara and Sundhara, located in Kathmandu.
He introduced the system of measurement. He also introduced the postal system and constructed several resting places at different parts of the country. The arrangement of the army barracks and modernization training for the army are also among few of his legacies.
The conspiracies and infighting with rival courtiers (especially the Pandes, who held Bhimsen Thapa responsible for the death of Damodar Pandey in 1804) finally led to his imprisonment and death by suicide in 1839.
Bala Bhadra Kunwar is a national hero of Nepal. He is famous for his great service in the Anglo – Nepalese War (1814 -1816). He is also known as the Hero of Khalanga. He was the captain in the Royal Nepali Army (Gorkhali Army). He was the son of Chandra Bir Kunwar. He fought with only six hundred soldiers who were mostly women and children fighting for his side. He was asked to surrender by the British General, but he refused. Instead, he fought bravely with Khukuri.
The British cut the supply of water. Ultimately after 4 days of thirst, and a severe loss of troops, without surrendering, Capt. Balbhadra emerged from the fort withwithdrawn khukuri in his hands (along with other 70 survivors) and roared to the British - "You could have never won the battle but now I myself voluntarily abandon this fort. There is nothing inside the fort other than dead corpses of the children and women"! By fighting the well-equipped soldiers of British with Khukuri is a show of unspeakable bravery.
Pasang Lhamu Sherpa was the first Nepalese woman to summit the Mount Everest. She was born into a mountaineering family and was involved in climbing from her teens. She had successfully climbed Mount Blanc, Cho Oyu, Mount Yalapic, Pisang Himal, and others. It was on her fourth attempt that she succeeded in reaching the summit of Mount Everest.
However, she did not survive the tragedy she met while descending down the peak. For achieving what no other Nepalese woman had achieved before her, Pasang Lhamu was honored by her country and the mountaineers all around the world in various ways. She was the very first woman to be decorated with the "Nepal Tara (Star)" by His Majesty the King. She was also awarded Youth Excellence Award and commemorated with her statue.
Gehendra Shumsher was the son of Prime Minister Bir Shumsher. He was born on Poush, 1928 B.S. He is known as the first scientist of Nepal. He was less interested in studies. He was more interested in music, physical exercise, and sports. He liked to spend most of his time doing creative work of his interest. Gehendra Shumsher was made in charge of the arms and ammunition at his early age by his father Bir Shumsher.
When his father became the Prime Minister he got more opportunities. Many factories were started by him to standardize the ammunition for the army. He also set rice mills, wind motors to draw water from the ground, electricity power at places like Sundarijal and Bhojpur. He also designed and manufactured his own double barrel rifles, called “Rifle”. “Bir-Gun” and “Dhir Gun” were double barrel gun and canon made by him. He died in 1964.
Lakhan Thapa Magar is considered as the first martyr of Nepal. He was the first revolutionary leader. He was born in Kahule Bhangar of Gorkha in 1835. He was considered to be a very devoted social reformer and a promising leader belonging to the indigenous community of the magar.
As the people were suffering from Jung Bahadur Rana’s tyranny, Martyr Lakhan Thapa Magar taking some ex-army men created a rebel force in Gorkha. When Jung Bahadur Rana decided to eliminate Thapa and other rebels, he ordered them to be hung to make an example out of them. Anybody else of joining a revolution had their faith shattered. Jung Bahadur sent troops to Gorkha where Lakhan Thapa was captured and was hanged till death.
Prime Minister of Nepal from 1959 to 1960. He was also a Nepali politician and a prolific writer. He was the first democratically elected and 22nd Prime Minister of Nepal. He gave up his whole life for the establishment of people’s supremacy through multi-party democracy in Nepal.
He was born on September 8, 1914, in Banaras. His father was Krishna Prasad Koirala. He always stood against absolute partyless Panchayat regime. He had given his whole life for democracy. He had been the source of inspiration for the people of all ages. He spent his most of his life in prison or exile and in steadily deteriorating health. He was a very gifted writer who could reach the depth of every subject.
Work done by B.P. Koirala are:
He proposed democratic socialism as the prescription for ending Nepal’s underdevelopment. Bisheswor Prasad Koirala was one of the most well-read and thoughtful writers of Nepali literature. He wrote short stories and novels and some poems. He was the social realist, with good psychological insight.
He was the first writer to write stories and novels based on human psychology in the history of Nepalese literature. Doshi Chasma, Hitler, and Yahudi, Tin Ghumti, Narendra Dai, Sumnima, Babu Aama ra Chhora, Mero Katha are some of his books of his literature. Koirala was the focus of Nepalese politics during the 1950s, 1960s, and the 1970s. Even today, long after his death, people of Nepal feel that the restoration of multi-party democracy is a tribute to him. Koirala was also one of the most important literary figures of Nepal.
Manmohan Adhikari was the 31st Prime Minister of Nepal from 1994 to 1995. He was considered as one of the first communist leaders of Nepal. He had also been active against the Ranas while working as a Chemist in Biratnagar Jute Mill. He took part in the founding of the Communist Party of Nepal in 1949. He was also active in the joint movement of Satyagraha with Congress in 2042.
He acted as a leading figure from the side of the communist party. He was imprisoned. After his release, he was the first to lead the communist government of Nepal. He was one of the few democratically elected communist party members in the world to serve as head of the government. He died in 1999.