Importance of Biology in the psychological understanding of behavior (Bio-Psychology):

Humans are bio-social creatures. That’s why there is an importance of biology in the psychological understanding of behavior.  Bio-Psychology refers to the broad term that describes behavior and cognition related to biological processes. It explains how neurons work in learning processes, thinking, emotions, and motivations. Also, it contributes to psychology in different ways as listed below:

• Gives insight into hereditary factors to describe behavior. Example; Twins
• Many psycho-social phenomena like discrimination, prejudices, etc can be handled through biological processes.
• Various psycho-physical maladjustments can be relieved by understanding biological science. Example; hypertension, drugs, heart disease, cancer, etc
• Finally, biopsychology helps to develop a healthy style with a long-lasting positive impact.

Behavioral Neuroscience: A glance

The subject to study the biological basis of animal and human behavior is called Behavioral Neuroscience. The communication link between the body and brain helps us to understand many areas of psychology. It finds out personality, adjustment effectiveness, responses to stress, etc. Neuroscientists study the nervous system including the brain. The brain works on the basis of a stimulus. There are three interrelated activities of stimulus in human beings. They are listed below:

1.  Sensing stimulus
2.  Processing stimulus
3.  Responding stimulus

Sensing stimulus:

A stimulus is any kind of aspect that directly influences our sense organs. It excites our receptor cells and provokes a response. Eg; a sense of taste, smell, and sight. It can also be internal as headache, and other several types of pain that occur in various parts like stomach, chest, lungs, etc. The specialized cells of the nervous system that sense stimuli are called receptors. They receive the outside form of energies and translates them into internal messages for the interpretation of the brain. There are many receptors like eyes and ears.

Processing stimulus:

The second activity in the chain is processing or interpreting the information that reaches the receptors. This typically takes place in the brain. It is also the functioning of the brain. Processing involves starting with an incoming stimulus and working upwards until a representation of the object is formed in our minds. This process also suggests our perceptual experience and is based entirely on the sensory stimuli we piece together using data that is available from our senses.

Responding stimulus:

The third is responding to a stimulus. Responding stimulus is a concept that refers to the belief that our behavior manifests as a result of the interplay between stimulus and response. It occurs when the action takes place in various parts of the body and the brain sends messages to the muscles and glands producing a response through neural communication.