Fundamental Concept of Computer

A computer is a programmable machine capable to perform arithmetic and logical operations automatically and sequentially. It is also known as a data processor, as it can store, process, and retrieve data as per the wish of the user.

Data processing involves the following three activities −

• Input of data
• Manipulation/processing of data
• Giving output (i.e. management of output result)

In a computer system, data is arranged orderly and systematically.
 

The term “computer” is derived from the Latin term “compute,” which means ‘to calculate.’ Initially, the computer system had been designed to calculate; it was intended to be a computing device. Fundamental Concept. A computer is basically a programmable machine capable to perform arithmetic and logical operations automatically and sequentially.

A computer is basically a programmable machine capable to perform arithmetic and logical operations automatically and sequentially. However, over some time, this device technically advanced; at present, it can perform a wide range of desirable works apart from data processing.

Major Functions of Computer System

Following are the core functions of a computer system −

• A computer accepts the command and/or data as the input given by the user.
• A computer follows the instructions and stores the data given by the user.
• A computer processes the data as per the instructions given by the user.
• A computer gives desirable results in the form of output.

Salient Features of Computer System

Following are the salient features of a Computer System −

• Automation − The operating system of a computer system is automatic, as no human intervention is required; simply you need to give the command, and then it will do the work automatically.
• Speed − Depending upon the power of the computer, it can perform, it can take Millions of instructions per second.
• Storage − A computer system can store an enormous quantity of data in a different format. The storage capacity of a computer system is normally expressed in terms of Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB), or Terabytes (TB).
• Accuracy − The accuracy of a computer system is very high.
• Versatility − A computer system is capable of performing a wide range of tasks.
• Diligence − A computer neither gets tired nor loses concentration.
• Reliability − As a computer system always gives accurate results; therefore, its reliability is very high.
• Vast memory − A computer system can have a wide range of memory that can recall the desired data at any point in time.